izindaba

Ama-inductors ayizingxenye ezingaguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla kazibuthe futhi awagcine. Ama-inductors ayafana ngesakhiwo nama-transformer, kodwa anomoya owodwa kuphela. I-Inductor ine-inductance ethile, evimbela kuphela ushintsho lwamanje. Ukufingqa, izingcingo eziphathwayo ze-5G ziyabuyekezwa futhi ziphindaphindwe, zingenisa umjikelezo wokushintsha, futhi isidingo sama-inductors siyaqhubeka nokwanda.

Umqondo we-Inductor

Ama-inductors ayizingxenye ezingaguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla kazibuthe futhi awagcine. Ama-inductors ayafana ngesakhiwo nama-transformer, kodwa anomoya owodwa kuphela. Ama-inductors ane-inductance ethile, evimbela kuphela ushintsho lwamanje. Uma i-inductor isesimweni lapho kungekho khona ukugeleza kwamanje, izozama ukuvimba i-current egeleza kuyo lapho isifunda sixhunyiwe. Uma i-inductor isesimweni sokugeleza kwamanje, izozama ukugcina okwamanje kungashintshile lapho isifunda sinqanyulwa .

Ama-inductors abizwa nangokuthi ama-chokes, ama-reactors nama-reactor ashukumisayo. I-Inductor ngokuvamile yakhiwa uhlaka, okokuphenduka, ikhava evikelayo, into yokupakisha, indikimba kazibuthe noma umgogodla wensimbi, njll. I-inductance isilinganiso sokuguquguquka kazibuthe kwekhondakta kuya kweyamanje ekhiqiza ukuguquguquka kukazibuthe okuzungeza i-conductor uma ikhondukta idlula. umsinga oshintshanayo.

Lapho i-DC yamanje igeleza ku-inductor, umugqa wamandla kazibuthe ongaguquki kuphela ovela eduze kwayo, ongashintshi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, lapho amandla ashintshayo edlula kukhoyili, imigqa yakazibuthe eyizungezile izoshintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokomthetho kaFaraday wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic – uzibuthe ukhiqiza ugesi, imigqa yamandla kazibuthe eshintshile izokhiqiza amandla okungenisa kuzo zombili iziphetho zekhoyili, elilingana “nomthombo wamandla omusha”.

Ama-inductors ahlukaniswe ngama-self inductors nama-inductors ahlangene. Uma kukhona i-current ku-coil, amandla kazibuthe azokhiqizwa eduze kwekhoyili.

Lapho i-current in the coil ishintsha, inkambu kazibuthe ezungezile nayo izoshintsha ngokufanele. Le nkundla kazibuthe eshintshile ingenza ikhoyili ngokwayo ikhiqize amandla e-electromotive (i-electromotive force eyenziwe) (amandla e-electromotive asetshenziselwa ukumela i-terminal voltage yokunikezwa kwamandla okufanelekile kwesici esisebenzayo), okubizwa ngokuthi ukuzingenisa.

Uma amakhoyili amabili e-inductance esondelene, ukuguqulwa kwendawo kazibuthe yekhoyili eyodwa ye-inductance kuzothinta enye ikhoyili ye-inductance, ebizwa ngokuthi i-mutual inductance. Usayizi we-mutual inductor uncike ezingeni lokuhlangana phakathi kwekhoyili ye-inductance kanye namakhoyili amabili e-inductance. Izingxenye ezenziwe ngokusebenzisa lesi simiso zibizwa ngokuthi i-mutual inductor.

Isimo sokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yemboni ye-inductor

Ama-chip inductors ahlukaniswa ngesakhiwo se-inductor. Ngokuya ngezigaba zesakhiwo kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza, ama-inductors ahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ama-plug-in inductors aqinile kanye nama-inductors afakwe kuma-chip. Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokukhiqiza bama-inductors e-plug-in endabuko “ukusonga”, okungukuthi, umqhubi ulinyazwa kumongo kazibuthe ukuze kwakheke ikhoyili ye-inductive (eyaziwa nangokuthi ikhoyili engenalutho).

Le inductor ibonakala ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-inductance, ukunemba okuphezulu kwenani le-inductance, amandla amakhulu, ukulahlekelwa okuncane, ukukhiqiza okulula, umjikelezo omfushane wokukhiqiza, kanye nokunikezwa okwanele kwezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ukungalungi kwayo izinga eliphansi lokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphezulu, nobunzima bokwenza i-miniaturization ne-lightweight.

I-China Electronics Industry Association ilinganisela ukuthi imakethe ye-inductor yomhlaba wonke izokhula ngo-7.5% minyaka yonke eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, i-China ingumthengi omkhulu wemishini yokuthungatha. Ngokushintsha okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana baseShayina kanye nokwakhiwa okukhulu kwe-inthanethi Yezinto, amadolobha ahlakaniphile nezinye izimboni ezihlobene, imakethe ye-chip inductor yaseChina izokhula ngokushesha kunezinga lokukhula komhlaba. Uma izinga lokukhula lingu-10%, usayizi wemakethe wemboni ye-chip inductor uzodlula ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-18. Ngokusho kwedatha, usayizi wemakethe ye-inductor yomhlaba wonke ngo-2019 wawungama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-48.64, ukhuphuke ngo-0.1% unyaka nonyaka usuka kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-48.16 ngo-2018; Ngo-2020, ngenxa yomthelela we-COVID-19 yomhlaba wonke, usayizi wemakethe wama-inductors uzokwehla afinyelele kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-44.54. Isikali semakethe ye-inductor yaseChina siveza intuthuko. Ngo-2019, isikali semakethe ye-inductor yaseChina sasilinganiselwa ku-RMB 16.04 billion, okuwukunyuka ngo-13% uma kuqhathaniswa no-RMB 14.19 billion ngo-2018. Ngo-2019, imali engenayo yokuthengiswa kwe-inductor yaseChina inyuke unyaka nonyaka, isuka ku-8.136 billion yuan ngo-2014 yaya ku-5 billion yuan. ngo-2019.

Kulindeleke ukuthi isidingo semakethe sama-inductors sibe sikhulu futhi sibe sikhulu, futhi imakethe yasekhaya izoba banzi. Ngo-2019, i-China yathumela ama-inductors ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-73.378 futhi yangenisa ama-inductors ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-178.983, izikhathi ezi-2.4 kunomthamo wokuthekelisa.

Ngo-2019, inani lokuthekelisa lama-inductors aseChina lalingama-US $2.898 billion kanti inani lokungenisa lalingama-US $2.752 billion.

Uchungechunge lwemboni yezogesi zabathengi baseShayina lube noshintsho olukhulayo kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ezinenani eliphansi, i-OEM yamabhrendi etheminali yangaphandle ukuya ekungeneni kwezixhumanisi zokukhiqiza ezinenani eliphakeme, kanye namatheminali asekhaya asephenduke amabhrendi ahamba phambili emhlabeni. Njengamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwama-smartphone e-China kubala ama-70% noma ama-80% engqikithi yomhlaba, futhi amabhizinisi aseShayina aphethe izigaba ezimaphakathi nezakamuva zochungechunge lwemboni ye-elekthronikhi yabathengi, ukuhlanganiswa neminye imikhakha, Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwesivumelwano sezimboni sokuthi “izimoto njengomakhalekhukhwini omkhulu” kanye nesizinda amabhizinisi ochungechunge lwe-elekthronikhi yabathengi asetshenziselwe umkhakha wezimoto ezihlakaniphile, ithemba lochungechunge lwemboni yabathengi basekhaya esikhathini esizayo kufanelekile ukubheka phambili.

Ukwenyuka kwenani lamabhendi efrikhwensi yeselula ye-5G kukhulise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamayunithi amayunithi ama-inductors. Ama-inductors we-high-frequency inductors emhlabeni abhekene negebe elikhulu lomthamo kanye nokuhlinzekwa okuqinile. Ukufingqa, ukushintshwa kwamaselula e-5G kungenise umjikelezo wokushintshwa. Isidingo se-inductance siqhubekile nokwanda. Ubhubhane lwaholela ekuhoxisweni kwamanye ama-inductance giants. Ezinye izindlela zasekhaya zavula isikhala.